Out-of-Site: Towards a regional, ecological, and circular architecture Part 2 Project 2025 Alex Whitfield University of California, Berkeley | USA Contemporary architecture’s reliance on standardised, mass-produced parts makes the provenance of building materials largely untraceable. Consequently, much of the built environment is harmful in its production, releases toxic gases in use, and cannot be reused at its end of life.This thesis, focused on a 100-bed cooperative housing project in Plymouth, demonstrates how realigning the architect’s skillset onto material supply- chains can result in a more contextual, sustainable and engaging built environment. The design simultaneously complements the city centre's mid-20th century modernism, whilst delivering more humane housing which connects the city to its neighbouring geology. In developing a highly local circular economy, this material- first architecture keeps resources in the local area and provides an emotional connection between people, place and architecture.Six material supply chains are traced from their sources – all within 120km of the site – through construction and with thought to their eventual re-use. No glue or sheet material is used with many components being fabricated in an on-site factory. The design takes advantage of waste from existing industries, such as bricks made from Portland Stone off-cuts. Furthermore, pine-needle and sawdust insulation show how even the waste products from improved forest management can be utilised to economically embody more carbon in our homes. Tutor(s) María Álvarez García Neyran Turan